When you're caring for an infant, the last thing you need is to come down with an icky cold or other virus. You're sleep-deprived, emotionally drained, and oftentimes tethered to a tiny human. Handling a stuffy nose, sore throat, or stomach bug on top of that while also keeping milk production going and caring for other humans can feel like an unfair twist of fate.
So, should I continue breastfeeding when I am sick?
Good news! You CAN continue breastfeeding while sick in most cases, and it actually might be one of the best things you can do for your baby's health. In fact, unless you are taking a medication that isn't safe for breastfeeding, there's rarely a reason to stop. Let's break down some common concerns and questions about breastfeeding whether it's flu season, back to school time, or one of the many other germ-infested seasons.
Breastfeeding While Sick: The Basics
Breastfeeding when you have a common illness like the flu, a cold, or a stomach bug is generally safe, and actually beneficiary (though it's not very comfortable!). If your babies are anything like mine, they're practically glued to you most of the time. So, when you're sick, your baby has already been exposed to your germs through close contact. Odds are, they'll come down with the same virus you have. BUT, the miraculous thing is that as your body fights off the virus, your milk develops antibodies and immunological factors that help protect your infant from getting sick. In other words, mom's milk is like a personalized health shield!
Even illnesses like respiratory tract infections and diarrhea aren't reasons to stop breastfeeding or being in close proximity to your little one.
Food poisoning is one of those things that moms often tell me they are concerned about. Most cases don't require you to stop unless you have a more serious bacterial infection like listeria or salmonella that requires specific antibiotics.
The best thing is just to make sure you practice good hygiene:
- Wash your hands with soap and water many times throughout the day.
- Use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
- Disinfect surfaces in your home that are touched frequently (door knobs, toilets, remotes, toys, countertops, etc.)
Another important tidbit is to stay hydrated. If you are vomiting or have diarrhea, you'll need plenty of fluids not only to get better, but also to keep up your breast milk supply. Try some herbal tea, hot water with lemon, or electrolyte drinks in addition to your regular water intake.
Staying on top of hydration is a must while you're breastfeeding, and not just when you're sick. Grab one of my water bottles here!
What if I'm Too Ill to Nurse?
Sometimes the question isn't "Should I continue breastfeeding when I am sick?," but "How will I survive breastfeeding while sick?" As I mentioned, dehydration can seriously mess with your milk production and your energy levels. If you can't seem to keep anything down, try to sip on small amounts of fluid as often as possible.
Pumping While Sick
Caring for a breastfeeding baby when you're sick might mean pumping and having someone else feed expressed milk. This allows you to rest a bit more while ensuring your baby still gets all the benefits of your breast milk's protective properties. I know, I know, pumping is never a "restful" job, but it can be a bit less hands-on when you're couch-ridden.
A few things to keep in mind if you need to take a break from nursing due to illness:
- Choose the Best Pump for YOU. I cannot emphasize enough the importance of selecting a pump that will effectively remove milk from your breasts as well as be comfortable and user-friendly. Here are my thoughts on where to start when choosing your breast pump. Seek out additional lactation support if you are having a hard time figuring out how to use your pump.
- Pump on a schedule to maintain your supply. Unsure how to even think about managing a pumping schedule when you're in the thick of an awful illness? I’ve got a guide that breaks it down: When to Pump Guide.
- Be aware of your posture. The last thing you want to do if you're struggling with a stomach bug is attach yourself to a breast pump. While relaxing on the couch, try your best to maintain a straight back. Put on a favorite show and drink some water to distract yourself.
- Practice Proper Storage and Milk Prep. See my guidelines here.
- Clean Bottles and Pump Parts Frequently. I have some tips for you in this blog post.
Should I Treat my Illness with Medicine While Breastfeeding?
When you are navigating breastfeeding while sick, you will need to assure the medications that you are taking to treat your symptoms are also safe. Can you take over-the-counter medications to feel human again? The answer is yes, but within limits. Some medications, especially cold medications, are fine for breastfeeding mothers, but others can reduce milk production or aren’t recommended.
For a detailed breakdown of what’s safe, check out my post on Taking Medications While Breastfeeding. Spoiler alert: Saline drops and warm showers are often the best ways to clear a stuffy nose. Avoid high doses of decongestants, as they can lead to less milk.
Also, if you’re dealing with a fever, you can typically take acetaminophen or ibuprofen, both of which are safe for breastfeeding mothers. Always read labels and consult with your healthcare provider if you’re unsure.
Check out this episode with my good friend and Clinical Pharmacist the @Pharmomacist all about which medications are more ideal for your particular concern!
Antibiotics and Breastfeeding
Your OB probably provided you with a list of medications and antibiotics that were safe during your pregnancy. The good news is that the list of safe medications for breastfeeding moms is even more extensive. If you decide it's time for a trip to the doctor because at-home remedies aren't doing the trick, you'll want to make sure your primary care provider is aware that you are a breastfeeding mother. For most common illnesses, there are antibiotics that can be prescribed that are very safe and will not affect your breastfed baby.
If one of your health care providers approaches you with a medication that you are unsure about taking, you can always contact your OB's office to get a second opinion.
In the rare case that the best course of action to treat your illness involves temporarily taking an antibiotic or other medication that is not breastfeeding friendly, don't panic! If you are passionate about continuing your breastfeeding journey, you will have to pump in order to maintain your milk supply, but discard the breast milk (pro-tip: use it in your children's bath!). Thankfully, most antibiotics are not prescribed for long-term use. So your hard work will pay off soon and you'll be back to providing that liquid gold for your little one.
One of my personal favorites is checking in with Infant Risk Center or infantrisk.com, they have a direct hotline to registered nurses who gladly answer each one of their calls! I have made a call to then more than once and always felt reassured after each conversation!
When Is It NOT Safe to Breastfeed?
There are some rare conditions when it would not be safe to breastfeed when you are sick. All of the following would be reasons to seek medical care before continuing to nurse or feed pumped breast milk to your child.
- Lesions on the Breast
- Herpes
- HIV
- Actively taking chemotherapy drugs or radioactive iodine
- Active Tuberculosis
- Chickenpox
Always consult health care professionals for expert advice.
The Bottom Line
Should I continue breastfeeding when I am sick? In most cases, the answer is yes. Unless a healthcare professional tells you otherwise, breastfeeding while sick is usually the healthiest source of nourishment for your baby and the best option for their immunity. With good care, plenty of fluids, and some rest (if the universe is kind), you’ll get through it. Just remember, you’re doing the most important thing: taking care of your baby—and yourself.
If your illness lingers or you feel worse, seek medical attention. Don’t tough it out to the detriment of your health. Keeping yourself healthy is key to continuing your breastfeeding journey.
References
https://www.cdc.gov/infant-feeding-emergencies-toolkit/php/faqs.html
